Keratoconus , 1st ed. 2022 A Comprehensive Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment

This book provides the reader deeply and updated information on keratoconus treatment. Written by experts from worldwide, the book presents clinical, genetic, metabolic and biomechanical aspects in the development of the disease, the proper intervention time, the imaging tests used for diagnosis and keratoconus monitoring, as well as details on new surgical procedures (as contact lenses and laser technologies) using modern methods with wide technological application. Two pioneers in the keratoconus treatment bring their valuable contribution in specific chapters.

Ophthalmologists will find a practical and useful approach of new technologies to get the best results for their patients. This book will really impact changes in the therapeutic conduct of corneal surgeons.

Part I. Keratoconus diagnosis

1. Clinical presentation and evolution of keratoconus

2. Natural Progression of Keratoconus

3. Prospective Biomarkers in Keratoconus

4. The Role of Thyroid Gland Dysfunction in the Development of Keratoconus

5.  Eye Rubbing and Keratoconus

6. Early diagnosis of keratoconus: When should one suspect?

8. Corneal Topography for keratoconus Diagnosis

9. Pentacam for Keratoconus Diagnosis

10. Galilei™ for Keratoconus Diagnosis

11. Corneal Biomechanics in Keratoconus Diagnosis

12. Corneal Tomography and Biomechanical Integration

13. What is new in contrast sensitivity for keratoconus diagnosis

14. How to Follow the Patient after Keratoconus Diagnosis

15. Assessing Keratoconus Progression

16. Controversies in Keratoconus Diagnosis

17. Artificial intelligence in keratoconus diagnosis

Part II. Treatment

18. Preoperative Evaluation of Keratoconus

19. Keratoconus Treatment Flowchart

20.  Drug Therapy in Keratoconus Patients

21. Step By Step in Performing Manifest Refraction and Tips in the Prescription of Glasses in Keratoconus Patients

22. Contact lenses in keratoconus - possibilities and flowchart

23. Soft Contact Lenses for Keratoconus. When to Indicate Them?

24. Rigid Gas Permeable Contact Lens Fitting in Keratoconus

25. Piggy Back With Contact Lenses for Keratoconus

26.  Scleral and Mini Scleral Lenses for Patients With Keratoconus

27. What is new in contact lenses for keratoconus?

28. Contact Lens Fitting After Intracorneal Ring Segment Implantation

29. Contact lens fitting in Pellucid Marginal Degeneration

30. Contact Lens Fitting Following Corneal Graft Surgery

31. Corneal Cross-Linking: Indications and contraindications

32. Corneal Collagen Crosslinking Controversies

33. Intrastromal Cornealring Segments Implantation and Crosslinking: When and How?

34. Corneal Crosslinking Complications: How to Manage Them

35. Continued Long-Term Flattening After Corneal Crosslinking for Keratoconus

36. Corneal Cross-Linking: standard vs. accelerated protocols

37. Transepithelial Cross-linking

38. Cross-Linking in Ultra Thin Corneas

39. Corneal Cross-linking for Keratoconus in Childreen

40. Corneal Crosslinking in Down Syndrome Patients

41. The History of Ferrara Ring

42. Indications and contraindications

43. Ferrara Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments Nomogram

44. Mediphacos Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments Nomogram

45.  Intracorneal ring segments implantation outcomes using two diferent manufactures’ nomograms for keratoconus surgery

46. Refractive and Visual Outcomes After Intacs And Other Intrastromal cornealring segments implantation according to the literature

47. ICRS Surgical Planning: An Easy and Objective Way

48. Intrastromal Corneal Rings Types

49. Long-Arc Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment

50. Asymmetric intrastromal corneal rings

51. New Designs Of Asymmetric Rings

52. Ferrara HM: A New intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment Associated to Photorefractive keratectomy to Correct Moderate to High Myopia

53. Manual technique (golden tips)

54. Femtosecond laser-assisted technique. Peculiarities of the different types of Femtosecond lasers

55. Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments After Corneal Graft Surgery

56. Postkeratoplasty astigmatism treatment by the association of Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments (ICRS) and Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK)

57. Intra-stromal Corneal Ring and Crosslinking for Treatment of Post Refractive Surgery Ectasia

58. Intrastromal Corneal Ring in Pellucid Marginal Degeneration and Pellucid-Like Keratoconus

59. ISCRS implantation in Keratoconus Children

60. Intra Corneal Ring implantation for early keratoconus

61. Intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) implant to refractive and visual outcomes

62. Intra Corneal Ring Segment implantation for advanced keratoconus

63. Extreme Corneal Remodeling Using Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments

64. Intra stromal corneal ring and PRK

65. Intrastromal corneal ring and CXL: When and How?

66. Intrastromal corneal ring and phakic lens

67. Association of Keratoconus treatment and phacoemulsification

68. Intrastromal Corneal Ring and Toric IOL

69. Intraocular lens Power Calculation in eyes with Keratoconus and Intrastomal Corneal Ring Segments implantation

70. Complications in intrastromal corneal Ring segments implantation

71. Refractive Lens Exchange With Small Aperture Intraocular Implants

72. Advanced surface ablation in Mild keratoconus

73. Redefining form fruste keratoconus

74. Indications and Contraindications for Corneal Transplantation in Keratoconus

75. DALK: Manual technique

76. DALK: How to achieve the bubble formation in all cases?

77. DALK Assisted by Femtosecond Laser

78. How to Deal With Type 2 bubble in DALK

79. DALK: How to Avoid Conversion to Penetrating Keratoplasty

80. Complications in Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty

81. Bowman's layer transplantation for keratoconus

82. Current indications of Penetrating Keratoconus Transplantation

83. High Ametropy Post Penetrating Keratoplasty

84. Acute Keratoconus treatment procedure (Descemetopasty)

Part III. Advances in keratoconus treatment

85. Femtosecond laser-assisted intrastromal corneal lenticule implantation for

86. Corneal Epithelial Thickness Map in Keratoconus

87. Lenticular intrastromal keratoplasty for keratoconus

88. Intrastromal Corneal RIng Segments Combination for Refinement of Ametropia Correction

Belquiz Amaral Nassaralla, BSc, MD, PhD has a Bachelor Degree in Biomedical Sciences (1980) and Licentiate Degree in Biology (1983), from the University of Brasilia. She holds a fellowship  in Cornea and External Eye Diseases at the Hilton Rocha Institute (1991), fellowship in Oculoplastic Surgery at the Hilton Rocha Institute (1992), and a research fellowship in Cornea and Refractive Surgery at the University of Southern California / Doheny Eye Institute, USA (1994). In 2000, Dr. Nassaralla holds her Ph.D. in Ophthalmology from the Federal University of Minas Gerais. She has published several international peer-reviewed journal articles and 32 book or book chapters. She is a Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon at the Goiania Eye Institute with sub-specialties in Cornea, Refractive Surgery, Cataract Surgery, External Eye Diseases and Plastic Eye Surgery. She has been invited to speak and teach several national and international meetings and has won awards for her contribution.

Jordana Sandes Barbosa,MD, PhD completed a cornea and external eye diseases fellowship at the Federal University of Goias (2010-2012) and received her specialist degree in ophthalmology from the Brazilian Medical Association

Provides updated information on keratoconus treatment

Details new surgical procedures with wide technological application

Presents the advantages and main differences between lasers technologies for keratoconus treatment