Landscape Fire, Smoke, and Health Linking Biomass Burning Emissions to Human Well-Being Geophysical Monograph Series

Where and when wildfires occur, what pollutants they emit, how the chemistry of smoke changes in the atmosphere, and what impact this air pollution has on human health and well-being are questions explored across different scientific disciplines.

Landscape Fire, Smoke, and Health: Linking Biomass Burning Emissions to Human Well-Being is designed to create a foundational knowledge base allowing interdisciplinary teams to interact more effectively in addressing the impacts of air pollution from biomass burning on human health.

Volume highlights include:

• Core concepts, principles, and terminology related to smoke and air quality used in different disciplines
• Observational and modeling tools and approaches in fire science
• Methods to sense, model, and map smoke in the atmosphere
• Impacts of biomass burning smoke on the health and well-being of children and adults
• Perspectives from researchers, modelers, and practitioners
• Case studies from different countries
• Information to support decision-making and policy

The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

List of Contributors vii

Preface xi

Acronyms and Abbreviations xiii

1 Bridging Geophysical and Health Sciences to Study the Impacts of Biomass Burning on Human Well- Being
Tatiana V Loboda, Nancy H F French, and Robin C Puett 1

Part I From Fires to Emissions

2 Biomass Burning as an Integral Force
Amber J Soja, Emily M Gargulinski, and Elizabeth B Wiggins 9

3 Mapping and Characterizing Fire
Louis Giglio, David P Roy, Michael L Humber, Evan Ellicott, Maria Zubkova, and Christopher O Justice 37

4 Wildland Fuel Characterization Across Space and Time
Susan J Prichard, Eric Rowell, Robert E Keane, Andrew T Hudak, Duncan Lutes, and E Louise Loudermilk 53

5 Biomass Burning Fuel Consumption and Emissions for Air Quality
Nancy H F French and Andrew T Hudak 69

Part II From Emissions to Concentrations

6 Surface Monitoring of Fire Pollution
Allison E Bredder 91

7 Data Assimilation for Numerical Smoke Prediction
Edward J Hyer, Christopher P Camacho, David A Peterson, Elizabeth A Satterfield, and Pablo E Saide 105

8 A Review of Modeling Approaches Used to Simulate Smoke Transport and Dispersion
Derek V Mallia and Adam K Kochanski 127

9 Profiles of Operational and Research Forecasting of Smoke and Air Quality Around the World
Susan M O’Neill, Peng Xian, Johannes Flemming, Martin Cope, Alexander Baklanov, Narasimhan K Larkin, Joseph K Vaughan, Daniel Tong, Rosie Howard, Roland Stull, Didier Davignon, Ravan Ahmadov, M Talat Odman, John Innis, Merched Azzi, Christopher Gan, Radenko Pavlovic, Boon Ning Chew, Jeffrey S Reid, Edward J Hyer, Zak Kipling, Angela Benedetti, Peter R Colarco, Arlindo Da Silva, Taichu Tanaka, Jeffrey McQueen, Partha Bhattacharjee, Jonathan Guth, Nicole Asencio, Oriol Jorba, Carlos Perez Garcia- Pando, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Mikhail Sofiev, Melissa E Brooks, Jack Chen, Eric James, Fabienne Reisen, Alan Wain, Kerryn McTaggart, and Angus MacNeil 149

Part III From Concentrations to Health Outcomes

10 Assessing Smoke Exposure in Space and Time
Patricia D Koman and Nancy H F French 195

11 Wildfire Smoke Toxicology and Health
Luke Montrose, Adam Schuller, Savannah M D’Evelyn, and Christopher Migliaccio 217

12 Wildfire Smoke Exposures and Adult Health Outcomes
Miriam E Marlier, Natalie Crnosija, and Tarik Benmarhnia 233

13 Health Effects of Wildfire Smoke During Pregnancy and Childhood
Amy M Padula and Camille Raynes- Greenow 249

14 State of the Science and Future Directions: From Biomass Fire to Health Outcomes
Robin C Puett, Nancy H F French, and Tatiana V Loboda 265

Index 269

Tatiana V. Loboda, University of Maryland, USA.

Nancy H. F. French, Michigan Technological University, USA.

Robin C. Puett, University of Maryland, USA.